![]() Together, these measurements approximate the round window membrane in the tympanic membrane's posteroinferior quadrant. The mean distance of round window membrane from umbo was 4 mm and posteriorly rotated 30° clockwise from a perpendicular drawn from umbo to inferior annulus towards posterior annulus. The round window membrane on average was angled superiorly from the inferior annulus (77.1 ± 27.9)° and slightly anteriorly from the posterior annulus (19.1 ± 11.1°). ![]() Regarding transtympanic drug delivery, the round window membrane was directed 4.1 mm superiorly from the inferior annulus and 5.4 mm anteriorly from the posterior annulus. The membrane's position relative to plane of the facial nerve through facial recess was (14.7 ± 5.2)° posterior from a reference line drawn through facial recess to carotid canal. The angle of round window membrane at junction with cochlear basal turn was (42.1 ± 8.6)°. Vector distances and angulation from umbo and bony annulus were calculated from image viewer software coordinates. Direct measurements were obtained for membrane position. ![]() Study designġ00 temporal bone images were evaluated. ![]() To determine anatomic relationships and variation of the round window membrane to bony surgical landmarks on computed tomography. ![]()
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